Synthesizing atomic coordinates…
This table covers all 118 elements. Hover a tile to inspect it. Then click to open its page.
[Xe] 4f¹¹ 6s²
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[Xe] 4f¹¹ 6s²
3D atom inspector
Z = 67
HoHolmium
Lanthanide
Latin Holmia — Stockholm
Electrons per shell
[Xe] 4f¹¹ 6s²
Lasers, magnets, nuclear research
Full Holmium profileBohr rings count electrons. Then open the quantum orbital shapes.Periodic trends
Electronegativity increases up and to the right
Pauling
Hover a tile to read its value
Hover or tap an arrow to trace the trend element by element.
Across a period (left → right)
Each step adds a proton to the same shell, so effective nuclear charge rises. Electrons then sit tighter. As a result, electronegativity and ionization energy increase while atomic radius shrinks.
Down a group (top → bottom)
Each step adds a new electron shell. Outer electrons then sit farther out, because inner shells shield them. Radius therefore grows, while ionization energy and electronegativity fall.
How to read an element tile
Fe
Iron
55.845
[Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²
Element profiles
FAQ
There are 118 confirmed elements on the periodic table. 94 occur naturally on Earth. The other 24 have only been made in laboratories or reactors. The newest four — nihonium (113), moscovium (115), tennessine (117), and oganesson (118) — were then officially named in 2016, so period 7 is complete.
Element 67 is Holmium (Ho), a rare-earth lanthanide metal. Its atomic mass is 164.93 u. Holmium also has the highest magnetic moment of any naturally occurring element. As a result, researchers use it in magnets, lasers, and nuclear work.
A period is one of the 7 horizontal rows on the periodic table. Elements in the same period share the same number of electron shells. Atomic number then increases from left to right across a period.
Periods are the 7 horizontal rows; groups are the 18 vertical columns. Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells. Elements in the same group, however, share the same number of valence electrons, so they react in similar ways.
| Property | Periods | Groups |
|---|---|---|
| Direction | Horizontal rows | Vertical columns |
| How many | 7 | 18 |
| What is shared | Number of electron shells | Number of valence electrons |
| Chemistry | Properties change gradually across | Similar reactivity down the column |
| Trend in radius | Shrinks left → right | Grows top → bottom |
| Example | Period 2: Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Ne | Group 17: F, Cl, Br, I, At, Ts |
The periodic table has 7 periods and 18 groups. The lanthanides and actinides are drawn as two separate rows underneath. That keeps the table from becoming 32 columns wide. They still belong to periods 6 and 7.
Vertical columns are called groups, also known as families. They are numbered 1 to 18. Well-known families include the alkali metals (group 1), alkaline earth metals (group 2), halogens (group 17), and noble gases (group 18).
Dmitri Mendeleev published the first widely accepted periodic table in 1869. He ordered elements by atomic mass. He also left gaps for undiscovered ones, and he correctly predicted gallium, germanium, and scandium. Then, in 1913, Henry Moseley showed the true ordering principle is atomic number.
The table orders elements by increasing atomic number, left to right and top to bottom. Rows break wherever a new electron shell starts. That lines up elements with the same valence structure into columns. The table also divides into s, p, d, and f blocks by the orbital being filled.
Each tile shows the atomic number, symbol, name, and atomic mass of one element. The atomic number (top) is the proton count. The symbol is the one- or two-letter abbreviation. The atomic mass (bottom) is the weighted average mass in atomic mass units. Many tables also show common charges and electron configuration.
Printables
SVG · Vector
Elements are color-coded by family. This SVG stays sharp when resized; print it as a PDF from your browser or add it to your slides.
SVG · Print
Print a low-ink reference table, or choose the blank grid to practice filling in element names and symbols.
SVG · Heatmap
Compare electronegativity on the Pauling scale. The colors match the online trends explorer, so you can use the chart alongside it.
PNG · 3840×2160
Create a 3840×2160 wallpaper from the 3D Bohr model, with a portrait crop available for your phone.
Atomic masses, ionization energies, radii, and electronegativity on this site come from the references below. Individual values can then vary by isotope, oxidation state, or handbook edition.